UF/IFAS Okeechobee County Extension Service

458 Highway 98 North

Okeechobee, FL 34972-2578

Phone: (863) 763-6469

January 15, 2006  

Quick Tips:   Why Orchids  Which Orchids  Growing Tips  References

Feature Article - for release the week of January 21, 2007

Dan Culbert - Extension Horticulture Agent

 

ORCHID Group Forming in Okeechobee

When I began my work as the horticultural Agent here in Okeechobee, I was amazed to find that there were no local groups dedicated to the greener pursuits of life.  Rumors persisted that there once was a Garden Club in town, but I’ve not found out much about this organization, what they did, or why they are not around any more.

It’s been one of my goals to help local plant lovers get together and enjoy the pleasures of plants.  Thanks to a recent visit by a nurseryman that has been transplanted from Stuart, Okeechobee may soon break this drought and get an Orchid group started. 

Our office has agreed to host the initial meeting of folks interested in learning all about orchids this Tuesday night, January 23rd, at 7 PM here in our office. The program will be led by Mr. Harry Hoffner, past president of the Martin Orchid Society, and now a commercial orchid grower here in town.

Why Orchids?

Orchids are exotic symbols of tropical allure, and are thought to have an incredible amount of beauty and mystery that surrounds them.  Those with green thumbs will either love them, or not, based on their ability to provide the necessary growing conditions that can allow them to produce their enchanting floral displays.

These plants display an unlimited range of colors and forms, from the flamboyant Cattleya that is popular in corsages, to native Butterfly orchids found in local hammocks.  Gardeners may enjoy growing many orchid species and hybrids. Many of these plants grow well and flower profusely with a minimum of care under Florida's conditions.

Commercial Orchid Growing Greenhouses are a profitable business in Florida. The Sunshine State  ranked #2 in Wholesale sales of potted orchids in 2010, ahead of both Ohio (#3) and Hawai'i (#4).  Photo: UF/IFAS
 

One of our local native orchids is called the Butterfly orchid. Photo: T. Ann Williams, USF Plant Atlas

Contrary to common belief, these plants may be purchased at prices comparable to other flowering pot plants.  When a few basic cultural requirements are met, any orchid will satisfy the owner for many years. 

And for those interested in another kind of green, please note that there is a thriving commercial orchid industry in Florida.  Statewide production has risen steadily, with over 6.5 million plants being sold in 2004.  

 

Which Orchids to Grow

One of the more difficult decisions facing new orchid fanciers is which of the thousands of commercially available species and hybrids should they grow. To answer this question several factors must be considered, including: (1) How much time do you want to spend? (2) How much money is available? (3) Do you have a hobby greenhouse? and (4) Do you have a suitable growing area?

Species and hybrids of six orchid types are widely recommended to homeowners because of their adaptability, ease of growing, and beautiful flowers: Cattleya, Phalaenopsis, Dendrobium, Oncidium, Vanda and Epidendrum.   These are the most common and can be grown successfully in Florida, but they represent only a minority of orchid genera available.  

Basic Orchid Growing Tips

Florida gardeners have a number of choices on how their orchids should be grown. Traditionally, plants were grown in osmunda fiber in clay pots. Other media such as chopped tree fern fiber, certain bark materials, porous volcanic stone, peat, charcoal and combinations of these materials are now used.  Plastic pots and other containers have replaced clay in many cases.

Repotting is perhaps the least enjoyed chore in the orchid hobby. As a general rule, popular orchids need to be repotted every two to three years. Repotting can be done by transplanting to a larger pot, or by division.  Knowing when and how to repot will be shown at future meetings of this orchid group.

Fertilization is a controversial issue among orchid growers.  Many debate the merits of inorganic and organic fertilizers and some even question the need for fertilizer. However, most growers use fertilizer and obtain excellent results.  Rates and kinds of fertilizers depend on the kind of plant and type of growing media used.

How often should orchids be watered? This is a common question to which there is no one set answer. As a general rule, orchids in small pots dry more rapidly and require watering more frequently.  Plants grown in porous clay pots should receive water more often than those grown in plastic pots.  When watering, saturate each pot so that moisture drains from the bottom of the pot - then don’t water again until the surface of the medium becomes dry.

Most orchids require partial shade for optimum growth and flowering. High light intensities degrade chlorophyll causing the foliage to yellow, and frequently may burn the leaves. Orchids need to be protected from cold temperatures. Generally 50°F is the minimum temperature that tropical orchids can handle without cold damage. However, if orchids are exposed to too much heat (2 hours above 110°F.or 10 minutes above 120°F.),  the leaves and flowers will burn.

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Orchid exhibits are very popular with many plant shows.  This is a photo of the Orchid entries at the 2006 Philadelphia Flower Show.  Photo: Dan Culbert, UF/IFAS

There’s lots to learn and much more to share with this fascinating group of plants.  I hope to see you Tuesday night here at our office to help explore the wide world of orchids.

I’ve placed more information on our Okeechobee web page, http://okeechobee.ifas.ufl.edu.  If you need additional information on orchids, please email us at okeechobee@ifas.ufl.edu or call us at 863-763-6469.  Local residents can stop by our office at 458 Hwy 98 North in Okeechobee, and visit our Okeechobee County Master Gardeners from 1 to 3 PM on Tuesday afternoons.  GO GATORS!

-30-

Trade names, where used, are given for the purpose of providing specific information. They do not constitute an endorsement or guarantee of products named, nor does it imply criticism of products not named. The Florida Cooperative Extension Service - Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer authorized to provide research, educational information, and other services to individuals and institutions that function without regard to race, color, sex, age, handicap, or national origin.  Florida Cooperative Extension Service / IFAS / University of Florida.  Millie Ferrer-Chancy, Interim Dean Last update: 05/04/2012 .  This page is maintained by Dan Culbert 

references

American Orchid Society [webpage]http://orchidweb.org/aos/ 

Black, Robert. Tips on Growing Orchids in Florida. [ENH33] Gainesville: Florida Cooperative Extension Service, 10/2003. The old link is not active:  [http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/EP017]   Here is a temporary link: http://polkhort.ifas.ufl.edu/documents/publications/Orchid%20Tips.pdf 

Kerr and Downs Research.  Exploring Demand for Florida Orchids in Singapore.  Tallahassee: Florida Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services, 2006.   http://www.florida-agriculture.com/pubs/pubform/pdf/Marketing_Florida_Orchids_In_Singapore_Brochure.pdf

Odom’s Orchids, Ft. Pierce, FL  [webpage].  http://www.odoms.com/main.cfm